Turkey: Facts & Stats

TRANSPORTATION

Roads:

The TCDD - Türkiye Devlet Demir Yollari (Turkish State Railways) possess 10,984 km of 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1/2 in) gauge, of which 2,336 km are electrified (2005).

In 2004, Marmaray project started on a rail tunnel under the Bosphorus straits.

Between Istanbul and Ankara, a high speed railroad line is being constructed now next to the normal speed railroad which is being renovated. When finished, travel time between the two major cities will reduce from 6,5 hours to 3 hours and 10 minutes, using trains ordered from Spain that can reach up to 250 km/h. Construction of a high speed railroad line between Ankara and Konya is also soon to begin in order to connect the two cities with a direct line and reduce travel time from several hours to approximately one hour. Several other high speed and normal railroad projects are currently in the planning stage.

Cities with underground railway systems are Ankara, Istanbul, Izmir, Bursa, and Adana (under construction).

Railway links with adjacent countries

• Armenia - closed (see Kars Gyumri Akhalkalaki railway line)
• Bulgaria - open - 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1/2 in)
• Greece - open - 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1/2 in)
• Georgia - under reconstruction - break-of-gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1/2 in) 1,520 mm (4 ft 11 5/6 in).
• Iran - via Lake Van train ferry - same gauge
• Pakistan - via Iran and Lake Van train ferry - same gauge
• Iraq - No direct link, traffic routed via Syria - same gauge
• Syria - open - 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1/2 in)

Railroads:

Public road transport

There are numerous private bus companies providing connections between cities in Turkey.

For local trips to villages there are dolmuses, small vans that seat about twenty passengers.

Highways

• total: 426,906 km
• paved: 177,550 km (includes 1,892 km of expressways)
• unpaved: 249,356 km (2004)

Car ownership

In 2004, there were a total of 5,359,579 passenger cars in Turkey. The provinces with the highest rates of car ownership were:

1. Ankara (158 cars per 1,000 pop.)
2. Istanbul (129)
3. Mugla (106)
4. Izmir (103)
5. Eskisehir (98)
6. Denizli (98)
7. Antalya (95)
8. Burdur (90)
9. Kayseri (85)
10. Karabük (84)
11. Bursa (83)
12. Zonguldak (79)

Total number of passenger cars increased to 6,472,156 at the end of 2007. Total number of motor vehicles (excluding tractors and construction vehicles) was 11,695,611 at the end of 2007.

Aviation:

Total number of Airports in Turkey: 117 (2007)

Airports - with paved runways

• total: 90
• over 3,047 m: 15
• 2,438 to 3,047 m: 33
• 1,524 to 2,437 m: 19
• 914 to 1,523 m: 19
• under 914 m: 4 (2007)

Airports - with unpaved runways

• total: 27
• Over 3,047 m: 1
• 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2
• 914 to 1,523 m: 7
• under 914 m: 17 (2007)

Heliports

• 18 (2007)

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